Fluid-pressure-operated motor



Dec. 3, 1929. R. E. BOSCHERT FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED MOTOR Filed July 14, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet IN VEN TOR.

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FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED MOTOR Filed July 14, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 r III/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllll n dI IIlIf/IIIIIIIII II/IIIIIIIIIIA IN VEN TOR.

- BY 1% TN .53 W V k A TORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3, 1929 UNITED STA T'E'S PATENT-IE #EQIFFEECJE 4 FLUID-PRESSURE-OZPERATED' MOTOR Application filedluly 14, 1928. Seri'a1No.'122,301.

This invention relates to a press, preferably of theupright type, having a stationary ram and'a movable cylinder cooperating with the ram and adapted to be operated by any fluid 5 pressure such as Water, steam or compressed air to be used as the motive power for actuating the movable pressing element through the medium of toggles or knuckle joints and suitable connections between the knuckle joints and-cylinder.

The main object is to constructand assemble the various parts of the press in such manner that they maybe brought into more compact relation than has heretofore been practisedandat the same time to greatl-yiincrease thepower of operationoi' the movable pressing element with a given fluid pressure and head area of the ram and cylinder.

In other words, I have sought tocmaterially increase the efficiency of thepress by anchoring the ram directly to the frame and reciprocating the cylinder relatively thereto through'the medium of fluid pressure and.r'e-

tractingmeans, acting directly uponthe cylinder in reverse'directions.

One of the specific objects is to locate the center of the togglesas nearly as possiblein a directline with the axis of the ram and cylinder-and to connect the toggle joint with the cylinder in approximately the horizontal plane of said axis so that the action of the cylinder underfluid pressure may exert a direct pull upon the toggle oints when the toggl'es are approachinga straightened position for forcing the movable pressing element into pressing co-action with the upper pressing element-upon the work.

Another broad object is to balance as near- 0 ly as possible the strains or stresses upon the various operating parts and thereby to reduce excessive lateral thrusts and incidental wear of those parts.

A further object is to provide means where- 5 by-the upper pressing element may be easily and quickly adjusted toward and from the movable pressing element to conform to the thickness of the work operated upon. Another object is to provide means for limiting the movement of the cylinder in either di-.

'ection and lthereby to vary the rectilinear n'iovernent o f-the-movable pressing element.

Another-objectislto provide a stop Ifor limiting the pressing action of the toggles to 0'1" towarda substantially straightened position. Other objects :and uses relating to specific parts of the device will be brought out in the following description.

Inithe drawings:

-Figure 1 is atop plan of a fluid-operated press embodying the various features of my invention.

Figure 2 isalongitudinalvertical sectional viewltaken on line.2-2,.Figure "1.

Figure 3 isaitransverse vertical sectional view takenon rline 3 3, Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the plane of line .4L4, Figure 2.

The main supportingtrame of the :press comprisesa base .1, a press head -5., strai-nrods---.7 andsupright beams or standards ---2 whichzare rigidly attached to 'the base -:1 by'bolts -3- to extend upwardly therefrom .anditowhich the head -5 :is adjustably secured by a crossbar 6 and clamping bolt-s 6-. These standards serve as a support for a fluidpressure-operated motor hereinafter described.

Thebase '-l:is: substantially rectangular in top plan :and "is provided nearv its four corners'with upwardly extending strain rods 7 for supporting theupper press head T5 and an underlying vertically movable platen -8, both of which are located in front of the upright standards 2.

The base -1, head 5 and platen -8 may be made of cast anetal or other suitable materiah'while the upright standards -2 are preferably made in the form of I beams ofsteel having their flat sides facing forwardlyand rearwardly and substantially straight and parallel. y

The adjacent faces ofthe pressing elements 5 and 8 are provided with r suitablehollowplates e and -8- which 9') maybe heated by steam, gas or electricity, and together with interposed layers -5" and 8 of asbestos insulation or its equivalent,

are bolted or otherwise secured to their respective pressing elements between thestrain rods 7 These pressing elements -5 and 8- are also rectangular in top plan and are provided near their corners with vertically aligned openings therethrough for receiving the strain rods 7 which guide the platen 8 against lateral displacement.

The upper ends of these strain rods are threaded and are engaged by lower and upper nuts 9- and 10, which in turn, engage respectively the lower and upper faces of the upper pressing head 5- for permitting vertical adjustment of said head and for holding it in its adjusted position.

The upper nuts 10 are preferably provided with sprocket teeth 11 adapted to be engaged by a sprocket chain belt 12 whereby the rotation of the hand-wheel 12 will eifect a corresponding rotation of all the nuts 10 for adjusting the head The lower pressing element 8 is supported by front and rear sets of toggles -13 and ,l3 having their lower links pivotally connected at -l4-- to the base 1 and their upper ends pivotally connected at --15' to the underside of the movable pressing element 8, while the adjacent ends of each toggle joint are pivotally connected to each other by bolts 16.

These toggles are disposed between the upper face of'the base 1 and lower face of the pressing element 8, while the pivots 1 land 15 of each toggle are disposed in the same vertical plane parallel with the standards -2 so that the knuckle joints which are substantially midway between the pivots -14 and 15- are free to flex for wardly and rearwardly toward and from straightened positions, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2.

The flexing joints or knuckles of the front and rear sets of toggles are connected by links -17 whereby both toggles are caused to flex in the same direction simultaneously, thus preserving the alignment of the moving pressing element -8 parallel with the pressing element 5.

M otiae power Suitable fluid-pressure operated means is provided for flexing the toggles toward a .7 straightened position against the action of any suitable retracting means, and for this purpose a hollow cylindrical piston or ram 18 the pressure fluid. A cylinder -2lis slidable axially along and upon the periphery of the ram -18 and is provided at its front end with a suitable gland and packing 22 to form a fluid-tight joint with said ram, the outer end of the cylinder being closed to receive impact of the inflowing motive fluid under pressure.

The cylinder :2lis provided with a pair of apertured lugs 28, projecting laterally from opposite sides thereof for receiving adj ustable bolts 24 which are movable axially in said lugs and held in operative position by lock nuts -25, Figure 4, engaging the rear faces of the lugs.

The front ends of the bolts 2l in front of the lugs 23 are bifurcated for receiving the adjacent ends of a pair of links or connecting rods 26-- whieh extend along opposite sides of the cylinder 21 and ram 18- and have their frontends connected to the knuckle vjoint pivotal bolt -16- of the rear set of toggles 13 as shown in Figure while the rear ends of the rods are pivotally connected at 2?- to the front ends of the bolts 2i thereby establishing positive connection between the cylinder -2land toggles 13- and through the medium of the links -17 with the toggles 13 whereby the longitudinal movement of the cylinder 2l upon the rain 18-- will be transmitted to the lower pressing element 8-- for moving the latter toward and from the press head 5. V

The connecting rod 28- and bolts 2 l are disposed in approximately the same horizontal plane as the axis ofthe ram 18 and cylinder 21 so as to exert a'direct pull upon the knuckle joints of the toggles -13 and 13- as the cylinder 21 is forced outwardly by the motive fluid.

Retracting springs 29- are preferably located in planes below and above the ram l8 and cylinder 21 or in the vertical plane of the axis of said ram and cylinder and have their front ends attached by suitable bolts -30 to adjacent cross bars 31 which are secured to the rear flanges of the upright standards -2-, the rear ends of the springs being connected to eye bolts 2' which, in turn, are adjustably mounted in apertured lugs 33 on the outer end of the cylinder 21-, said bolts being provided with nuts -3-l engaging the outer ends of the bolts to permit the adjustment of the tension of the springs -29- as may be re quired to expedite the return of the cylinder following each pressing operation.

The lower lug 33- on the outer end of the cylinder 2l is provided with a shoe 35 which is slidable along and upon a rearwardly projecting guide beam 36 having its for ward end rigidly secured to cross bar -'-37" on the lower ends of the upright standards 2 and its rear end carried by a supporting leg -38 which may rest upon the same support as the base -1-, said guide beam 36 being directly below the axis of the ram 18- and cylinder 21 and parallel therewith for additionally supporting and guiding the cylinder in its reciprocatory movement.

A cross bar 39 is secured to the front faces of the upright standards .2 in the horizontal plane of the axis of the ram 18- and cylinder -2to form an abutment adapted to be engaged by one or more stopwashers -4l0 of suitable thickness on the front ends of the connecting rods 26 to limit the rearward movement of the cylinder and also to limit the movement of the toggle knuckles toward a straightened position as may be desired to regulate or limit the closing movement of the movable pressing element, so that with the same pressure in the cylinder the pressure applied to the material under pressure can be varied according to the stopping position of the toggles and cylinder, and by means of washers or other devices the forward movement of the cylinder 21 on the ram l8 may be varied and thereby the vertical movement of the pressing member 8 can be made more or less to give any desired opening between the pressing members.

The pipe -20 for the motive fluid may be connected to any available source of supply of steam, compressed air or liquid under pressure and is provided with a controlling valve 20 operable at will, and, if desired, may be of the two-way type, one way for admitting the motive fluid and the other Way for exhausting the fluid from the cylinder during its return by the retracting means.

A press constructed in the manner described is particularly simple, strong and durable and is adapted to be installed in compact space and easily controlled and is capable of producing exceedingly high pressure by reason of the toggle action and the direct connection between the movable cylinder and knuckle joints of the toggle.

What I claim is 1. A fluid-pressure operated motor comprising a hollow stationary ram having its outer end open and its inner end provided with a transverse wall, a cylinder reciprocally movable along and upon the periphery of the inner end of the ram and spring-pressed toward the open end of the ram and its outer end closed to form a chamber between its closed end and the transverse end of the'ram, and means for introducing fluid under pressure through said end wall and into said chamber for moving the cylinder in the opposite direction.

2L The combination with an upright support having a horizontal guide extending laterally therefrom, of a stationary ram secured at one end to said support and eX- tending laterally therefrom in the direction 

